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Understanding Geothermal Heat Sources

In this article, we shall explore information to provide an answer to the question; what is geothermal energy? We hope this source will be suitable for educational reference to both adults and teenagers.
Geothermal heat sources are used in a variety of ways across our world today, from geothermal power plants, to geothermal hot water systems, we shall now attempt to understand what this geothermal energy is, and where it comes from.
What geothermal energy is, can essentially be described with the sentence; heat contained and produced by the heating of the earth in two different ways. The more powerful geothermal energy comes from deep within the earth, where the temperature is hot enough to melt the surrounding rocks. The second source of geothermal energy is as a results of the suns rays beating down on the land surface. We shall now look into these two main sources.
What is geothermal energy?The center of the earth is approximately 4000 degrees Celsius, as described in the above sentence, this tremendous amount of heat is capable of turning rocks into liquid. This heat is able to warm the earth right up to surface. The reason you do not burn your feet when they touch the ground is because there is a great distance between our feet and this molten rock, and only a very small, but significant fraction of this heat is transferred to the surface.
You may find molten rock very close to surface along fault lines and around volcanoes, and this enables a volcanic area to be a very significant source of geothermal power. So we have now discovered the most powerful source of geothermal energy comes from the core of the earth, and if you are planning to harness geothermal energy, you are best doing so where molten rock is closest to the surface.
The second source is more commonly overlooked as an alternative to the earths geothermal heat source, yet this method is installed in a significant amount of homes in areas such as Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, and is becoming more popular in the U. K.
The great advantage of the suns geothermal effect, is you are able to harness the power in most areas unlike the earths geothermal heat source, where the location of, lets say a geothermal power plant can be the deciding factor in it’s efficiency. So, geothermal energy from the sun is essentially a solar energy idea in that the original source of “ground source heat energy” is from the sun.
Geothermal energy can also be a result of solar energy. All through the day, the suns rays shine down on the earths surface, and this heats the first couple of meters of our earth quite significantly. To understand this more, think about when it’s been snowing, and sun then comes out. Do you notice how there is always snow left in shaded areas a long time after the rest of the snow has melted? This isn’t to do with the general temperature increasing, it is the heat contained within the suns rays. This shows you how powerful our sun is, in that it is able to melt snow on our surface.
A very good, proven method of extracting this geothermal energy from the sun is though the use of geothermal heat pumps, which enable a low cost hot water heating system that is very environmentally friendly for your home.

James Nash is a climate scientist with Greatest Planet (www. greatestplanet. org). Greatest Planet is a non-profit environmental organization specialising in carbon offset investments.

James Nash is solely responsible for the contents of this article.

Posted: January 23rd, 2010
at2:02am by budianto

Tagged with Geothermal, Heat, Sources, Understanding

Categories: alternative energy

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Getting A Job In The Alternative Energy Field

Many people who take jobs in the alternative energies research and development sector have to, at least in the beginning, take relatively low pay. Taking a job in this industry is thus not about-or, not predominantly about-making money, although that is needless to say important, as one who is not well-fed soon becomes one who is not productive at work, especially when we are considering the brain-work involved in the work of researching and developing technologies in the alternative energies sector. There are those who take a job just because they find it is a fulfilling task that they have undertaken-something that is going to help mankind, or their society, or the Earth herself. But in truth, what most people dream of in terms of work is a position that they at once enjoy immensely while they also are receiving good money for their time and energy. Positions in the alternative energy research and development industry often offer just such an opportunity. The alternative energy field is in need of a vast array of different positions. Many people who get into this are the kind who would keep the power plants up and running (these include plant operators or mechanics), others are the developers of new alternative energies (engineers, scientists), and others make it all happen to start with by investing in alternative energy. So–not only do these people have the blessing of an exciting and fulfilling career, but these same people are making the world a better place. The business of alternative energy is rapidly growing due to the fact that many governments are now supporting it. Investors have become excited about putting their financial backing into the alternative energy industry because they can see that it’s the wave of the future, out of both need and the fact of government support. Rising oil prices make alternative energies’ tantalization rise in the minds of investors. As investors become more interested, there is more money available for companies to start up or expand, and that leads (of course) to more job opportunities. The US government is unquestionably involved in promoting the idea of new jobs as being readily available in the alternative energy sector. According to the President, in order to achieve greater use of “homegrown”, renewable fuels in the United States, advanced technologies need to be researched and developed so as to be able to make ethanol from plant fibers’ biomass, which at the present time is merely discarded as waste material. The President’s 2007 Federal Budget includes $150 million (a $59 million increase over the Federal Budget for 2006) to help with the development of biofuels derived from agricultural waste products such as wood chips, corn stalks, and switch grass. Researchers tell us that furthering the cause of research into cellulose-based ethanol could make the technology cost-competitive by 2012, while potentially displacing up to 30% of the nation’s current fuel consumption. The President’s plan would additionally drive on next-generation research and development of battery technology for hybrid vehicles in addition to “plug-in hybrid” vehicles. A “plug-in” hybrid runs on either gasoline or electricity, depending upon an on-board computer calculation. Driving in a city setting consumes almost no gasoline over as much as a week’s time with these vehicles.

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Posted: January 23rd, 2010
at2:02am by budianto

Tagged with Alternative, Energy, Field, Getting

Categories: alternative energy

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The Coal based thermal power plants and the need for alternate energy sources for Green India

The complete article is also available at http://probebusiness. blogspot. com/2009/12/greener-side-of-greener-india-newer. html There was certainly an element of surprise in the market when the Indian GDP numbers for the September 2009 quarter were released. India had clocked a record GDP growth of 7. 9 percent as against the market expectations of 6. 3 percent. The Indian bellwether indexes Sensex and Nifty reached new highs for the year after the announcement of GDP numbers. India is witnessing a rapid economic growth, and so with it are the growing energy needs of the country. Power demand in the country touched an all-time high of 99,027 MW recently, a year-on-year growth of over 16%. This is in sharp contrast to the situation in US where the overall power consumption is expected to decline by over 1. 4%. According to forecasts from Mckinsey and company[2008], India?s demand for power is set to soar to as much as 315,000 MW by 2017 at an average GDP growth rate of 8% per year, which is more than double the demand for power from now. To meet these humongous energy demands the nation has to scale up rapidly its power generating sources. Currently the power needs of India are primarily met by Thermal?power stations followed by Hydro, Renewable (mainly Wind) and Nuclear power stations. Thermal power stations account for nearly 60% of India?s total power generation and these power stations are predominantly Coal based. India has got?domestic reserves of Coal but unfortunately around 80% of coal available in India is characterized by high ash content of 35-45%. Burning of this inferior quality coal, results in higher Carbon emissions and lesser efficiency. It also releases hazardous substances like Nitrogen Oxide, Sulphur Oxide, particulate matters, bottom ash and Fly ash. Causes of several diseases like Asthma, Tuberculosis, Black lung, kidney diseases and many more have been attributed to these emissions. Coal mining which is done to extract coal to feed into thermal plants is also hazardous. A Coal mine fire detected in Jharia of Jharkhand state for which illegal coal mining has been blamed, has now risked life of more than 80,000 people and the govt is looking for evacuation and rehabilitation measures. The environmental problems caused by burning and mining of coal are unrelenting. The operations of Thermal power stations aren’t going good either. The plants are now facing newer problems due to insufficient domestic coal supply. India is experiencing shortages in the production of domestic coal and has now started to import coal. Recently around 23 Thermal power stations including the Super thermal power stations like NTPC faced critical coal stock levels and had to cut down their production levels. The power cuts were imminent. As per a study India Inc has supposedly lost Rs. 43,205 crore in 2008-09 due to power outages. There are also growing fears now that at the current rate of coal consumption the coal reserves of India may get exhausted by 2040 and India may have to to depend entirely on coal?imports. Relying on imports for domestic energy production?? This is a serious energy security concern for India and is in stark contrast to India’s energy independence plans. To recall on the eve of the 59th Independence Day, the President of India had emphasized that energy independence should be India?s first and highest priority, and the nation must be determined to achieve this within 25 years. The President had called for ??an economy which will function well with total freedom from oil, gas or coal imports??. To achieve energy independence, India has to reduce its reliance on energy sources based on?imported fuels and look for indigenous sources of power generation. If not for the reasons of environmental pollution and global warming, at least for the costs of operating, shortages of coal supply and for achieving energy independence, India has to move aggressively towards non coal based power generation sources. The alternatives available for non coal source are not only much efficient but also much greener. The important ones among the alternatives are Solar Energy, Nuclear Energy, Wind Energy, Natural gas and Biomass. The Carbon emissions from these sources are significantly low compared to Coal based thermal power stations. To satisfy the humongous power demands of the nation and hence for the economic development of India,?Going Green seems to be the only way to go.

The author is currently pursuing MBA from Southampton Business School and is interested in exploring the Business world and writing articles on them. His articles can be found on
http://probebusiness. blogspot. com/

Posted: January 23rd, 2010
at2:02am by budianto

Tagged with Alternate, Based, Coal, Energy, Green, India, Need, Plants, Power, Sources, thermal

Categories: alternative energy

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The APSA Process In Nitrogen Generataors

Some of the new-generation nitrogen generators use the APSA process to generate nitrogen. This APSA process relies on the fractionated distillation of air at very low (cryogenic) temperatures, and in only one column. In other words, APSA nitrogen generators are nitrogen generators that use cryogenic distillation of air to generate nitrogen.

After the air is being compressed, it is purified in the nitrogen generator, so that the cryogenic operation runs smoothly. The air is being compressed at around 9 bars with a centrifugal or a screw compressor and afterwards cooled down with the help of a cooling unit.

The air that runs through the nitrogen generator must then be purified, so it passes through several filters and cooled down some more.

Afterwards the criogenic process must intervene, so the air enters a special area of the nitrogen generator, the cooling area, and then the oxygen in the air is separated from the nitrogen. At the bottom of the area there will be a liquid that is oxygen-rich and at the top the desired nitrogen.
The low temperature inside the nitrogen generator is mantained using a small quantity of liquid nitrogen, which is then added at the produced nitrogen.

This process is designed so that it’s all automatically controlled, it requires no manual procedures. If problems occur, the nitrogen generator is created so that it will try to solve them on its own.
For example, if the nitrogen consumption increases, a pressure regulator will maintain the normal pressure. Or, if the concentration of oxygen is too high, the APSA process is automatically closed and the excess of oxygen is ventilated outside. Furthermore, the nitrogen generator waits for the oxygen levels to decrease, and if they don’t, the whole system is shut down. When this occurs, the nitrogen generator takes safety precautions.

This article is written by Grosan Fabiola. Link advertisment by Site-Trade. com and Business Content Dyrectory. If you would like to find more information about Chemical Generators and especially about Nitrogen Generators please follow these links.

Posted: January 22nd, 2010
at11:21pm by budianto

Tagged with APSA, Generataors, Nitrogen, Process

Categories: Gas Energy

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Energy Information

Understanding Geothermal Heat Sources

Getting A Job In The Alternative Energy Field

The Coal based thermal power plants and the need for alternate energy sources for Green India

The APSA Process In Nitrogen Generataors

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Energy Information

Understanding Geothermal Heat Sources

Getting A Job In The Alternative Energy Field

The Coal based thermal power plants and the need for alternate energy sources for Green India

The APSA Process In Nitrogen Generataors

Links Ads

Feulcell Fundamentals

Hydrogen Hawaii(DVD Format)

archives

Top 5 Create Your Energy Alternative/Saving energy

Quick Key word

Duracell 813-0281-07 100 Watt Pocket Power Source Inverter

Link ads

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